1. About Sleep(2024 update)。https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about/。研究類型:CDC official public-health guidance;族群:General population by age group;劑量:Adults aged 18–60: 7 or more hours of sleep daily;期間:Ongoing daily sleep target;結果:Summarizes recommended sleep duration and health relevance;限制:Population guidance, not an individualized athletic recovery prescription。
2. Effects of Acute Sleep Deprivation on Sporting Performance in Athletes: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(2024)。https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39006249/。研究類型:Systematic review and meta-analysis;族群:Athletes across 27 included studies and 75 performance indicators;劑量:Whole or partial acute sleep deprivation exposures;期間:Acute sleep-loss protocols;結果:Acute sleep deprivation was associated with lower overall sporting performance;限制:Heterogeneous sports, protocols, outcomes and timing; not a supplement trial。
3. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation for Reducing Muscle Soreness after Eccentric Exercise(2020)。https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32382573/。研究類型:Systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 randomized trials;族群:145 supplemented and 156 control participants after eccentric exercise;劑量:Varied n-3 PUFA doses across included trials;期間:Varied pre-exercise supplementation durations;結果:Average DOMS score decreased, but strength and range of motion did not significantly improve;限制:Low-quality evidence; pain reduction was below the stated minimal clinically important difference。
4. Effects of LC n-3 PUFA Supplementation on Muscle Pain, Function, and Damage Markers Following Exercise(2026)。https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42124047/。研究類型:Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials;族群:Healthy young to middle-aged adults; 43 studies reviewed and 9 pooled eccentric-exercise trials;劑量:Heterogeneous EPA/DHA regimens; no effective dose established;期間:Acute and chronic protocols with heterogeneous durations;結果:Selected pooled soreness, damage, swelling, strength and range-of-motion measures favored supplementation;限制:Methodological limitations and heterogeneity prevented dose-response recommendations。
5. Omega-3 Fatty Acids — Fact Sheet for Health Professionals(2025 access basis)。https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Omega3FattyAcids-HealthProfessional/。研究類型:NIH Office of Dietary Supplements official fact sheet;族群:General population and health professionals;劑量:FDA considers up to 5 g/day EPA plus DHA from supplements safe when used as recommended; this is not a recovery target;期間:Safety context includes long-term cardiovascular trials;結果:Summarizes food sources, supplement safety, adverse effects and medicine interactions;限制:Does not establish an exercise-recovery dose or finished-product efficacy。
6. Melatonin: What You Need To Know(2026 access basis)。https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/melatonin-what-you-need-to-know。研究類型:NCCIH official evidence and safety summary;族群:General consumers with sleep-related questions;劑量:No universal chronic-insomnia or athletic-recovery dose recommended;期間:Short-term use appears safer; long-term safety is not established;結果:Potential benefit is condition-specific; chronic-insomnia evidence and long-term safety remain insufficient;限制:Not an athletic performance guideline and product-label accuracy can vary。